We examined the fitness costs of resistance to transgenic Cry1A.105+Cry2Ab2 Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) maize in the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, a globally invasive pest species.Using Bt-resistant and -susceptible populations of similar genetic backgrounds, we compared insect life-history traits and population growth rates on the foliage
Introduction: the Medial Temporal-lobe Atrophy index (MTAi), 2D-Medial Temporal Atrophy (2D-MTA), yearly rate of MTA (yrRMTA) and yearly rate of relative MTA (yrRMTA) are simple protocols for measuring the relative extent of atrophy in the MTL in relation to the global brain atrophy.Albeit preliminary studies showed interest of these methods in the
This article will consider the national currency of Kazakhstan for the last 5 years and what is the situation at the moment.The purpose of the study is to consider the currency policy of the copyright of the Republic of Kazakhstan; theoretical and methodological substantiate the stability Walkie Talkie of the currency, as well as to analyze the fac
Present time demonstrates that the theory and practice of the public administration arein a perpetual and radical change, under the influence of some contextual factors, extremelydifferent: historical, political, geographical, cultural and economical ones.The understanding onthe whole working mechanism in the King Kong public administration mainly
3-dimensional domain swapping is a mechanism where two or more protein molecules form higher order oligomers by exchanging identical or similar subunits.Recently, this Toner Collection Unit phenomenon has received much attention in the context of prions and neuro-degenerative diseases, due to its role in the functional regulation, formation of high